如果使用Eureka作为服务发现,则默认情况下加入spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client依赖后会自动加入LoadBalance的功能,因此本文主要是分析默认情况下SpringCloud使用的负载均衡。下面以HelloWorld进入LoadBalance的世界
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server
@SpringBootApplication
// 为了简便我们使用EurekaServer
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServeApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(EurekaServeApplication.class, args);}}
启动server
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client
spring:application:name: productserver:port: ${port}eureka:client:service-url:defaultZone: http://localhost:3333/eureka/
这里product我们要起两个实例,以端口不同作为区别:5001、5002。
application-peer1.yml
port: 5001
如果是Eclipse,在启动时添加-Dspring.profiles.active=peer1参数
application-peer2.yml
port: 5002
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/prod")
public class ProductController {@GetMappingpublic int getProduct(HttpServletRequest request) {// 直接返回端口号以示区别return request.getLocalPort();}}
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client
spring:application:name: userserver:port: 2222eureka:client:service-url:defaultZone: http://localhost:3333/eureka/
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaClientApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);}@LoadBalanced // 负载均衡@Beanpublic RestTemplate restTemplate() {return new RestTemplate();}
}
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {@AutowiredRestTemplate restTemplate;@GetMappingpublic void getProduct() {// 调用Product微服务获取值String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://product/prod", String.class);System.out.println(result);}
}
所有服务都启动后,在浏览器输入http://localhost:2222/user,按下回车键。为了看到负载均衡的效果,我们连续按下10次回车,再看下输出结果
5001
5002
5001
5002
5001
5002
5001
5002
5001
5002
从结果我们看到默认情况下是轮询这调用Product微服务,那么它是如何实现的呢?答案是通过intercept被@LoadBalanced的restTemplate的请求。
未完待续